diff --git a/users/management/commands/generate_test_data.py b/users/management/commands/generate_test_data.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b59d069
--- /dev/null
+++ b/users/management/commands/generate_test_data.py
@@ -0,0 +1,521 @@
+# generate_test_data.py
+import os
+
+import django
+
+# 设置 Django 环境
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'server.settings')
+django.setup()
+
+from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand
+from django.db import transaction
+from django.contrib.auth.hashers import make_password
+from users.models import Department, Menu, Role, User
+
+
+class Command(BaseCommand):
+    help = '生成有逻辑的测试数据（可重复运行，自动跳过已存在项）'
+
+    def handle(self, *args, **options):
+        self.stdout.write("🚀 开始生成测试数据（幂等模式）...")
+
+        try:
+            with transaction.atomic():
+                departments = self._create_departments()
+                menus = self._create_menus()
+                roles = self._create_roles(menus)
+                self._create_users(departments, roles)
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.stderr.write(f"❌ 生成失败: {e}")
+            return
+
+        self.stdout.write(
+            self.style.SUCCESS("✅ 测试数据生成完成！可安全重复运行。")
+        )
+        self.stdout.write("\n📌 登录信息：")
+        self.stdout.write("  - 超级管理员: admin / admin123")
+        self.stdout.write("  - 技术经理:   techmgr / tech123")
+        self.stdout.write("  - HR专员:     hr1 / hr123")
+
+    def _get_or_create_dept(self, name, parent=None, order=0):
+        """获取或创建部门（按名称+父部门唯一）"""
+        dept, created = Department.objects.get_or_create(
+            name=name,
+            parent=parent,
+            defaults={'order': order}
+        )
+        if created:
+            self.stdout.write(f"  ➕ 部门: {dept.name}")
+        return dept
+
+    def _create_departments(self):
+        self.stdout.write("🔄 同步部门结构...")
+        company = self._get_or_create_dept("总公司", None, 0)
+        tech = self._get_or_create_dept("技术部", company, 1)
+        hr = self._get_or_create_dept("人力资源部", company, 2)
+        finance = self._get_or_create_dept("财务部", company, 3)
+        backend = self._get_or_create_dept("后端开发组", tech, 1)
+        frontend = self._get_or_create_dept("前端开发组", tech, 2)
+        recruitment = self._get_or_create_dept("招聘组", hr, 1)
+
+        return {
+            'company': company,
+            'tech': tech,
+            'hr': hr,
+            'finance': finance,
+            'backend': backend,
+            'frontend': frontend,
+            'recruitment': recruitment,
+        }
+
+    def _get_or_create_menu(self, code, defaults):
+        """按 code 获取或创建菜单"""
+        menu, created = Menu.objects.get_or_create(code=code, defaults=defaults)
+        if created:
+            self.stdout.write(f"  ➕ 菜单: {menu.name} ({menu.code})")
+        return menu
+
+    def _create_menus(self):
+        self.stdout.write("🔄 同步菜单结构...")
+
+        # ========================
+        # 1. 系统管理（保持不变）
+        # ========================
+        system = self._get_or_create_menu("system", {
+            "name": "系统管理",
+            "menu_type": 0,
+            "permission_code": "system:settings",
+            "order_num": 1
+        })
+
+        user_menu = self._get_or_create_menu("user", {
+            "name": "用户管理",
+            "parent": system,
+            "path": "/system/user",
+            "component": "system/UserManage",
+            "permission_code": "user:list",
+            "menu_type": 1,
+            "order_num": 1
+        })
+        role_menu = self._get_or_create_menu("role", {
+            "name": "角色管理",
+            "parent": system,
+            "path": "/system/role",
+            "component": "system/RoleManage",
+            "permission_code": "role:list",
+            "menu_type": 1,
+            "order_num": 2
+        })
+        menu_menu = self._get_or_create_menu("menu", {
+            "name": "菜单管理",
+            "parent": system,
+            "path": "/system/menu",
+            "component": "system/Menu",
+            "permission_code": "menu:list",
+            "menu_type": 1,
+            "order_num": 3
+        })
+        dept_menu = self._get_or_create_menu("dept", {
+            "name": "部门管理",
+            "parent": system,
+            "path": "/system/dept",
+            "component": "system/DeptManage",
+            "permission_code": "dept:list",
+            "menu_type": 1,
+            "order_num": 4
+        })
+
+        # --- 系统管理: list 权限（关键补充！）---
+        self._get_or_create_menu("user_list", {
+            "name": "查看用户列表",
+            "parent": user_menu,
+            "permission_code": "user:list",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("role_list", {
+            "name": "查看角色列表",
+            "parent": role_menu,
+            "permission_code": "role:list",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("menu_list", {
+            "name": "查看菜单列表",
+            "parent": menu_menu,
+            "permission_code": "menu:list",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        # ================= 新增：菜单管理的按钮权限 =================
+        self._get_or_create_menu("menu_list", {
+            "name": "查看菜单列表",
+            "parent": menu_menu,
+            "permission_code": "menu:list",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("menu_create", {
+            "name": "新增菜单",
+            "parent": menu_menu,
+            "permission_code": "menu:create",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("menu_update", {
+            "name": "编辑菜单",
+            "parent": menu_menu,
+            "permission_code": "menu:update",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("menu_delete", {
+            "name": "删除菜单",
+            "parent": menu_menu,
+            "permission_code": "menu:delete",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("dept_list", {
+            "name": "查看部门列表",
+            "parent": dept_menu,
+            "permission_code": "dept:list",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        # ================= 新增：部门管理的按钮权限 =================
+        self._get_or_create_menu("dept_list", {
+            "name": "查看部门列表",
+            "parent": dept_menu,
+            "permission_code": "dept:list",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("dept_create", {
+            "name": "新增部门",
+            "parent": dept_menu,
+            "permission_code": "dept:create",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("dept_update", {
+            "name": "编辑部门",
+            "parent": dept_menu,
+            "permission_code": "dept:update",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("dept_delete", {
+            "name": "删除部门",
+            "parent": dept_menu,
+            "permission_code": "dept:delete",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        # --- 系统管理: 其他按钮权限 ---
+        self._get_or_create_menu("user_create", {
+            "name": "新增用户",
+            "parent": user_menu,
+            "permission_code": "user:create",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("user_update", {
+            "name": "编辑用户",
+            "parent": user_menu,
+            "permission_code": "user:update",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("user_delete", {
+            "name": "删除用户",
+            "parent": user_menu,
+            "permission_code": "user:delete",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("user_reset_pwd", {
+            "name": "重置密码",
+            "parent": user_menu,
+            "permission_code": "user:reset_password",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("role_assign", {
+            "name": "分配角色",
+            "parent": role_menu,
+            "permission_code": "user:assign_roles",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("role_create", {
+            "name": "新增角色",
+            "parent": role_menu,
+            "permission_code": "role:create",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("role_update", {
+            "name": "编辑角色",
+            "parent": role_menu,
+            "permission_code": "role:update",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("role_delete", {
+            "name": "删除角色",
+            "parent": role_menu,
+            "permission_code": "role:delete",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("role_set_perms", {
+            "name": "设置权限",
+            "parent": role_menu,
+            "permission_code": "role:set_permissions",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        # ========================
+        # 2. 内容管理（仅保留动态内容类）
+        # ========================
+        content = self._get_or_create_menu("content", {
+            "name": "内容管理",
+            "menu_type": 0,
+            "permission_code": "system:content",
+            "order_num": 2
+        })
+
+        # 仅保留这些在“内容管理”下
+        dynamic_content_models = [
+            ("article", "文章管理", 1, "ArticleList"),
+            ("carousel", "轮播图管理", 2, "CarouselList"),
+            ("notice", "公告管理", 3, "NoticeList"),
+            ("newssection", "新闻栏目", 4, "NewsSection"),
+            ("news", "新闻管理", 5, "NewsList"),
+        ]
+
+        content_menus = {}
+        for code, name, order, component in dynamic_content_models:
+            menu = self._get_or_create_menu(code, {
+                "name": name,
+                "parent": content,
+                "path": f"/content/{code}",
+                "component": f"content/{component}",
+                "permission_code": f"{code}:list",
+                "menu_type": 1,
+                "order_num": order
+            })
+            content_menus[code] = menu
+
+            # 添加 list + CRUD 权限
+            self._get_or_create_menu(f"{code}_list", {
+                "name": f"查看{name}",
+                "parent": menu,
+                "permission_code": f"{code}:list",
+                "menu_type": 2
+            })
+            self._get_or_create_menu(f"{code}_create", {
+                "name": f"新增{name}",
+                "parent": menu,
+                "permission_code": f"{code}:create",
+                "menu_type": 2
+            })
+            self._get_or_create_menu(f"{code}_update", {
+                "name": f"编辑{name}",
+                "parent": menu,
+                "permission_code": f"{code}:update",
+                "menu_type": 2
+            })
+            self._get_or_create_menu(f"{code}_delete", {
+                "name": f"删除{name}",
+                "parent": menu,
+                "permission_code": f"{code}:delete",
+                "menu_type": 2
+            })
+
+        # --- 公告特殊权限（保持不变）---
+        notice_menu = content_menus["notice"]
+        self._get_or_create_menu("notice_mark_read", {
+            "name": "标记公告已读",
+            "parent": notice_menu,
+            "permission_code": "notice:mark_as_read",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+        self._get_or_create_menu("notice_view_receipts", {
+            "name": "查看公告回执",
+            "parent": notice_menu,
+            "permission_code": "notice:view_receipts",
+            "menu_type": 2
+        })
+
+        # ========================
+        # 3. 新增：站点配置（原属于内容管理的静态配置类）
+        # ========================
+        site_config = self._get_or_create_menu("site_config", {
+            "name": "站点配置",
+            "menu_type": 0,
+            "order_num": 3  # 排在内容管理之后
+        })
+
+        site_config_models = [
+            ("baseinfo", "基础信息", 1, "BaseInfo"),
+            ("mainmenu", "主导航菜单", 2, "MainMenu"),
+            ("picturelink", "图片链接", 3, "PictureLink"),
+            ("friendlink", "友情链接", 4, "FriendLink"),
+            ("linkcategory", "链接分类", 5, "LinkCategory"),
+        ]
+
+        for code, name, order, component in site_config_models:
+            menu = self._get_or_create_menu(code, {
+                "name": name,
+                "parent": site_config,
+                "path": f"/config/{code}",
+                "component": f"config/{component}",  # 建议组件路径也调整为 config/
+                "permission_code": f"{code}:list",
+                "menu_type": 1,
+                "order_num": order
+            })
+            content_menus[code] = menu  # 仍加入字典以便返回
+
+            # 添加 list + CRUD 权限
+            self._get_or_create_menu(f"{code}_list", {
+                "name": f"查看{name}",
+                "parent": menu,
+                "permission_code": f"{code}:list",
+                "menu_type": 2
+            })
+            self._get_or_create_menu(f"{code}_create", {
+                "name": f"新增{name}",
+                "parent": menu,
+                "permission_code": f"{code}:create",
+                "menu_type": 2
+            })
+            self._get_or_create_menu(f"{code}_update", {
+                "name": f"编辑{name}",
+                "parent": menu,
+                "permission_code": f"{code}:update",
+                "menu_type": 2
+            })
+            self._get_or_create_menu(f"{code}_delete", {
+                "name": f"删除{name}",
+                "parent": menu,
+                "permission_code": f"{code}:delete",
+                "menu_type": 2
+            })
+
+        return {
+            'system': system,
+            'user': user_menu,
+            'role': role_menu,
+            'menu': menu_menu,
+            'dept': dept_menu,
+            'content': content,
+            'site_config': site_config,  # 新增返回
+            **content_menus,
+        }
+
+    def _get_or_create_role(self, code, name, description, status=True):
+        """按 code 获取或创建角色"""
+        role, created = Role.objects.get_or_create(
+            code=code,
+            defaults={
+                'name': name,
+                'description': description,
+                'status': status
+            }
+        )
+        if created:
+            self.stdout.write(f"  ➕ 角色: {role.name}")
+        return role
+
+    def _create_roles(self, menus):
+        self.stdout.write("🔄 同步角色权限...")
+
+        admin_role = self._get_or_create_role(
+            "admin", "超级管理员", "拥有全部权限"
+        )
+        tech_manager_role = self._get_or_create_role(
+            "tech_manager", "技术部经理", "管理技术部用户"
+        )
+        hr_role = self._get_or_create_role(
+            "hr_staff", "HR专员", "查看员工信息"
+        )
+        employee_role = self._get_or_create_role(
+            "employee", "普通员工", "无管理权限"
+        )
+
+        # 分配菜单权限（幂等设置）
+        all_menus = Menu.objects.all()
+        admin_role.menus.set(all_menus)
+
+        tech_manager_role.menus.set([
+            menus['user'], menus['role'], menus['dept'],
+            Menu.objects.get(permission_code="user:create"),
+            Menu.objects.get(permission_code="user:delete"),
+            Menu.objects.get(permission_code="user:assign_roles"),
+        ])
+
+        hr_role.menus.set([menus['user']])
+        employee_role.menus.set([])
+
+        return {
+            'admin': admin_role,
+            'tech_manager': tech_manager_role,
+            'hr': hr_role,
+            'employee': employee_role,
+        }
+
+    def _get_or_create_user(self, username, defaults, roles):
+        """获取或创建用户，并设置角色"""
+        user, created = User.objects.get_or_create(
+            username=username,
+            defaults=defaults
+        )
+        if created:
+            self.stdout.write(f"  ➕ 用户: {user.cname} ({user.username})")
+        # 无论是否新建，都确保角色正确（幂等）
+        user.roles.set(roles)
+        return user
+
+    def _create_users(self, departments, roles):
+        self.stdout.write("🔄 同步用户账号...")
+
+        self._get_or_create_user(
+            "admin",
+            {
+                "cname": "系统管理员",
+                "phone": "13800000000",
+                "password": make_password("adminadmin"),
+                "dept": departments['company'],
+                "is_active": True,
+            },
+            [roles['admin']]
+        )
+
+        self._get_or_create_user(
+            "techmgr",
+            {
+                "cname": "张经理",
+                "phone": "13800000001",
+                "password": make_password("adminadmin"),
+                "dept": departments['tech'],
+                "is_active": True,
+            },
+            [roles['tech_manager']]
+        )
+
+        self._get_or_create_user(
+            "dev1",
+            {
+                "cname": "李开发",
+                "phone": "13800000002",
+                "password": make_password("adminadmin"),
+                "dept": departments['backend'],
+                "is_active": True,
+            },
+            [roles['employee']]
+        )
+
+        self._get_or_create_user(
+            "hr1",
+            {
+                "cname": "王HR",
+                "phone": "13800000003",
+                "password": make_password("adminadmin"),
+                "dept": departments['hr'],
+                "is_active": True,
+            },
+            [roles['hr']]
+        )
+
+        self._get_or_create_user(
+            "finance1",
+            {
+                "cname": "赵会计",
+                "phone": "13800000004",
+                "password": make_password("adminadmin"),
+                "dept": departments['finance'],
+                "is_active": True,
+            },
+            [roles['employee']]
+        )